Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Psychology - Essay ExampleThe small fry learns to anticipate S and make R in anticipation of changes in S. For instance, in trying to reaching for a dangling toy, the sister makes adjustive steps or positions to reach it in the direction he finds most accessible. A bottle of milk is sucked at the end nipple which he has associated with the source of milk.The pre-operational idea period can be most understood by two concepts Pre-conceptual stage (2-4 years) and Intuitive descriptor (4-7 years). During the pre-conceptual stage, the small fry starts to use different kinds of symbols in play behavior and in language. Wherein, play activities may repel in the form of imaginary situations and objects. In the intuitive phase, the boor is now able to respond to groups of objects. The electric shaver is able to classify objects size and shapes. There is now a finer distinction in special(prenominal) concepts. The principles of reversibility and conservation are acquired. For instanc e, that the objects are not altered with change in the way they appear. The capacity for logic and reasoning are well-developed in the later stages with respect to concrete and specific objects. The child develops space concepts in the followinggeometric order first, nearness, separation, enclosure (Geoghegan et al 1963). There are two characteristics of in the childs intuitive stage. 1) Egocentricism the childs inability to take thepoint of view of another and 2) accent mark on successive states of a situation rather than transformations by which one state grades into another. This means that the child doesnt have a grasp of the facts that the situation can change gradually and grade into a new one he only emphasizes the beginning and end states.In the period of concrete operations, the child is less egocentric and is able to group objects and events on concrete observations. At this stage, the child is able to recollect on various concrete